Thermodynamics
Heat Exchanger Simulator
Examine heat transfer profiles across double-pipe configurations. Toggle flow types, adjust overall heat transfer coefficients, and control temperatures to compare convective profiles.
Flow Arrangement
Counter
Convective pattern
Specific Heat Cp
4.18 kJ/kg·K
Liquids assumed (Water)
Output Mode
Live Plot
Thermal slope active
Parameters
Flow Arrangement
Application Preset
Fluid Flow Motion
Governing Equations
Heat Capacity Rate
Ch = mh * Cph, Cc = mc * Cpc
Heat Transfer NTU
NTU = (U * A) / Cmin
Effectiveness (Parallel)
ε = (1 - exp(-NTU * (1 + Cr))) / (1 + Cr)
Effectiveness (Counter)
ε = (1 - exp(-NTU * (1 - Cr))) / (1 - Cr * exp(-NTU * (1 - Cr)))
Counter-flow designs are inherently more effective than parallel-flow layouts because they maintain a higher average temperature driving force.
Thermal effectiveness (ε) reaches its theoretical maximum when heat capacities are perfectly matched (Cr = 1).
Convective Gradient Tube View
Heat Duty (Q)
409.3kW
Effectiveness (ε)
69.9%
LMTD
28.42°C
Cold Outlet (Tco)
52.6°C
Fluid Temperature Gradients along Exchanger
Simulation Data
| Pos (x/L) | Hot Fluid (°C) | Cold Fluid (°C) |
|---|---|---|
| 0.00 | 52.6 °C | 27.7 °C |
| 0.10 | 49.8 °C | 25.8 °C |
| 0.20 | 46.8 °C | 23.8 °C |
| 0.30 | 43.6 °C | 21.7 °C |
| 0.40 | 40.2 °C | 19.4 °C |
| 0.50 | 36.6 °C | 17.1 °C |
| 0.60 | 32.8 °C | 14.5 °C |
| 0.70 | 28.8 °C | 11.8 °C |
| 0.80 | 24.6 °C | 9.0 °C |
| 0.90 | 20.1 °C | 6.0 °C |
| 1.00 | 15.3 °C | 2.8 °C |