Automotive Engineering
Rolling Resistance Simulator
Analyze rolling resistance and gravitational forces on an inclined roadway. Explore the impact of vehicle mass, surface friction coefficients, and grades on parasitic power losses.
Model
Tire Deformation
Steady state
Mesh
15 nodes
Velocity sweep
Output
CSV
Export ready
Parameters
Surface Type
Animated velocity sweep
Tire Physics Model
Road Incline Angle
\theta = \arctan(\text{Grade} \% / 100)
Normal Contact Force
F_N = m \cdot g \cdot \cos(\theta)
Rolling Resistance Force
F_{rr} = C_{rr} \cdot F_N
Grade Resistance Force
F_g = m \cdot g \cdot \sin(\theta)
Rolling Resistance Power Loss
P_{rr} = F_{rr} \cdot v
At the current velocity of 60 km/h, rolling resistance accounts for 3.68 kW of continuous power loss.
Road Grade adds an additional equivalent gravity force of 0 N.
Incline Force Vector Diagram
Rolling Resistance
220.7N
Normal Force
14715N
Grade Force
0N
Parasitic Power Loss
3.68kW
Parasitic Power Loss vs. Velocity
Velocity Performance Nodes
| Velocity (km/h) | Normal Force (N) | Rolling Resistance (N) | Grade Force (N) | Power Loss - RR (kW) | Power - Total (kW) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 0.61 | 0.61 |
| 20 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
| 30 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 1.84 | 1.84 |
| 40 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 2.45 | 2.45 |
| 50 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 3.07 | 3.07 |
| 60 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 3.68 | 3.68 |
| 70 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 4.29 | 4.29 |
| 80 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 4.91 | 4.91 |
| 90 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 5.52 | 5.52 |
| 100 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 6.13 | 6.13 |
| 110 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 6.74 | 6.74 |
| 120 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 7.36 | 7.36 |
| 130 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 7.97 | 7.97 |
| 140 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 8.58 | 8.58 |
| 150 | 14715 | 220.7 | 0.0 | 9.20 | 9.20 |